The Role of Topologies and Protocols in Network Design and Implementation

Before diving into solving any computer networking assignment, it is crucial to thoroughly understand the requirements. Assignments typically come with a scenario, tasks, and learning outcomes that need to be addressed. Let’s break down the key components of a typical networking assignment:

1. Scenario Analysis

The scenario provides the context for the assignment. For example, in the attached assignment, the scenario involves designing a network for a new branch of Elbaraka Bank in Ankara. The scenario outlines the departments, the number of PCs, and the network requirements, such as shared storage, printers, and remote access for employees.

Key Takeaway: Always start by carefully reading the scenario. Identify the key requirements, constraints, and objectives. This will guide your entire approach to the assignment.

2. Task Breakdown

Assignments are usually divided into tasks that correspond to specific learning outcomes. In the attached assignment, there are three main tasks:

• Task 1: Choose the appropriate tools (hardware and software) and evaluate the topology protocol.
• Task 2: Design the network system.
• Task 3: Implement and diagnose the network system.

Key Takeaway: Break down the assignment into manageable tasks. Each task should align with the learning outcomes and assessment criteria provided.

3. Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria

The learning outcomes (LOs) and assessment criteria (Pass, Merit, Distinction) are essential for understanding what is expected. For example, in the attached assignment, LO1 focuses on networking principles and protocols, LO2 on networking devices and operations, LO3 on designing efficient networked systems, and LO4 on implementing and diagnosing networked systems.

Key Takeaway: Use the learning outcomes and assessment criteria as a checklist. Ensure that your work addresses each criterion to achieve the desired grade.

Step 1: Choosing the Appropriate Tools and Evaluating Topology Protocols

The first step in solving a networking assignment is selecting the appropriate hardware and software components and evaluating the topology protocol. This step aligns with LO1: Examine networking principles and their protocols and LO2: Explain networking devices and operations.

1.1 Examine Networking Principles and Protocols

Networking principles refer to the foundational concepts that govern how networks operate, such as the OSI model, TCP/IP model, and network topologies. Protocols are the rules and conventions for communication between network devices, such as HTTP, FTP, TCP, UDP, and IP.

Key Considerations:

• Network Types: Compare different network types (e.g., LAN, WAN, MAN) and their benefits and constraints. For example, LANs are suitable for small areas like office buildings, while WANs are used for connecting geographically dispersed locations.
• Topology Impact: Discuss how the chosen network topology (e.g., star, mesh, bus) affects communication and bandwidth requirements. For instance, a star topology is easy to manage but has a single point of failure, while a mesh topology offers redundancy but is more complex and costly.

Example: In the attached assignment, you might choose a star topology for the bank’s network due to its simplicity and ease of management. You would then explain how this topology impacts communication and bandwidth, ensuring that the network can handle the traffic from multiple departments.

1.2 Explain Networking Devices and Operations

Networking devices include routers, switches, hubs, and servers. Each device plays a specific role in the network. For example, routers connect different networks, while switches manage data flow within a network.

Key Considerations:

• Server Types: Explore different server types (e.g., file servers, print servers, web servers) and justify your selection based on cost and performance. For instance, a file server would be essential for shared storage in the bank’s network.
• Workstation Hardware: Discuss how workstation hardware (e.g., PCs, laptops) interacts with networking software. Ensure that the hardware is compatible with the chosen network protocols and software.

Example: In the attached assignment, you might select a file server for shared storage and a print server for each floor. You would justify these choices based on the bank’s requirements and budget.

Step 2: Designing the Network System

The next step is designing an efficient networked system. This step aligns with LO3: Design efficient networked systems.

2.1 Designing the Network

Network design involves creating a blueprint of the network, including the layout of devices, connections, and IP addressing. The design should meet the specifications provided in the scenario.

Key Considerations:

• Scalability: Ensure that the network can accommodate future growth. For example, the bank’s network should be able to support additional PCs or departments.
• Redundancy: Implement redundancy to ensure high availability. For instance, the bank’s network should have multiple internet connections for failover.
• Security: Incorporate security measures such as firewalls, VPNs, and encryption to protect sensitive data.

Example: In the attached assignment, you would design a network with separate VLANs for each department, ensuring secure and efficient communication. You would also include redundant internet connections and a VPN for remote access.

2.2 Testing and Evaluating the Design

Once the network is designed, it needs to be tested to ensure it meets the requirements. This involves simulating the network and analyzing user feedback.

Key Considerations:

• Simulation Tools: Use network simulation tools like Cisco Packet Tracer or GNS3 to test the design.
• User Feedback: Gather feedback from potential users (e.g., bank employees) to identify any issues or areas for improvement.

Example: In the attached assignment, you would simulate the network to ensure that all departments can access shared storage and printers. You would also gather feedback from employees to identify any usability issues.

Step 3: Implementing and Diagnosing the Network System

The final step is implementing the network and diagnosing any issues. This step aligns with LO4: Implement and diagnose networked systems.

3.1 Implementing the Network

Implementation involves setting up the network according to the design. This includes configuring devices, setting up servers, and establishing connections.

Key Considerations:

• Configuration: Configure routers, switches, and servers according to the design. Ensure that all devices are properly connected and configured.
• Documentation: Document the implementation process, including IP addresses, device configurations, and network diagrams.

Example: In the attached assignment, you would implement the network for the bank’s third floor, configuring the file server, print server, and VLANs.

3.2 Diagnosing and Troubleshooting

After implementation, the network needs to be tested and any issues diagnosed. This involves analyzing test results and recommending enhancements.

Key Considerations:

• Testing: Test the network to ensure it meets the expected results. For example, verify that all PCs can access shared storage and printers.
• Troubleshooting: Diagnose any issues that arise during testing. Use tools like ping, traceroute, and Wireshark to identify and resolve problems.
• Enhancements: Recommend potential enhancements to improve the network’s performance and reliability.

Example: In the attached assignment, you would test the network and document the results. If any issues are found, you would diagnose and resolve them. Finally, you would recommend enhancements, such as upgrading to a faster switch or adding additional security measures.

Conclusion

Solving computer networking assignments requires a structured approach that aligns with the assignment’s requirements, tasks, and learning outcomes. By carefully analyzing the scenario, selecting appropriate tools, designing an efficient network, and implementing and diagnosing the system, you can successfully complete any networking assignment. Remember to document your work thoroughly, use simulation tools for testing, and always consider scalability, redundancy, and security in your designs.